Explanation of Anomalous Zeeman Effect | Atomic Physics
Atomic Physics |Anomalous Zeeman effect In atomic physics, we observe the interaction of the magnetic field with a magnetic dipole moment. Its interpretation is complex when S’≠0. The Lorentz classical theory can’t explain the interaction theory and further the splitting ...
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Retracted Research Article and Publication Ethics an Appproach to Research Integrity
Research integrity includes the publication ethics that one scientific author has to maintain for it. Retracted Research Articles are those articles where authors ignored the publication ethics, and the publisher in the initial stage couldn’t identify the source of malpractices. ...
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Magnetic Units and Conversion Factors
In this table, basic physical quantities that are used in magnetic materials are included. The symbol and conversion from one magnetic unit to the other. This conversion will be helpful in numerical problems. Quantity Symbol SI Unit CGS emu Unit ...
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Zeeman Effect Explanation for B. Sc.
Zeeman Effect Introduction Zeeman Effect was observed In 1896, by the Zeeman (the Dutch physicist Pieter Zeeman) that, when an atom is placed in an external magnetic field, and then it excited, the spectral lines emits in the deexcitation process ...
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Dipole Moment of Atom: Key for Material’s Properties
I start it with a simple example of a classroom. As you know, in the classroom when there is no teacher students sit in random directions. While the teacher enters the classroom all the students get aligned towards the teacher. ...
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Specifications of Different Optical Fibers
Single-mode step-index fiber: Core diameter: 7 to 11 μm Cladding diameter: generally 125 μm Coating diameter: 200 to 300 μm Numerical aperture: 0.08 to 0.15 Performance: 2 to 5 dB/km with a scattering limit of around 1 dB/km at a wavelength of ...
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Signal Attenuation in an Optical Fiber
Signal attenuation within the optical fibers is usually expressed in the logarithmic unit of the decibel. Decibel is defined by the input and output power ratio of the signal for a specific operating wavelength. The overall signal attenuation is defined ...
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Total Internal Reflection- Optical Fiber
Ray Theory Transmission Let’s see what happens when a light ray encounters a boundary separating two different media? In the figure given below, n1 and n2 are the refractive indices of the two media. Here n1 & n2 represents the ...
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