Ruby Laser its Construction and Working Ruby laser construction and working, It is the first operating laser using three energy levels scheme of population inversion and a solid-state crystal laser element. The laser has three components Laser medium: it is in the form of a […]
Atomic Physics |Anomalous Zeeman effect In atomic physics, we observe the interaction of the magnetic field with a magnetic dipole moment. Its interpretation is complex when S’≠0. The Lorentz classical theory can’t explain the interaction theory and further the splitting of energy levels. But remember, […]
Zeeman Effect Introduction Zeeman Effect was observed In 1896, by the Zeeman (the Dutch physicist Pieter Zeeman) that, when an atom is placed in an external magnetic field, and then it excited, the spectral lines emits in the deexcitation process are split into several components. […]
I start it with a simple example of a classroom. As you know, in the classroom when there is no teacher students sit in random directions. While the teacher enters the classroom all the students get aligned towards the teacher. The orientation of students because […]
Introduction of Magnetic Hysteresis Loop To understand this topic first of all we have to understand the basic concept. Like what is magnetic flux density and magnetic field intensity right? Also, permeability plays an important role in magnetism. Here, two things are by which I […]
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