In the hall effect experiment, we determine the hall voltage and hall coefficient.
Principle:When we place a current-carrying semiconductor specimen in the presence of a uniform magnetic field, a potential difference creates between the two faces.
When the magnetic field is applied perpendicular to it, the electrons deflect and move to one side of the semiconductor.
Hall Effect, named after the American physicist Edwin Hall who discovered it in 1879.
To understand the Hall Effect we will require two supporting physical concepts;Lorentz force andFleming’s left-hand rule
Formula:The Hall voltageVH=- I B/n e twhere I is current, B applied magnetic field, n charge carrier density, e charge of the electron and t is the thickness. Rh = -1/ne is the hall coefficient.
Application:A Hall Sensor can be used to measure the magnetic field strength.The Hall Effect can also be used to determine the type of charge carrier in a semiconductor material.
1Q: What hall effect experiment signifies?
Answer: determination of types of superconductor, 2. calculation of carrier concentration., 3. determination of mobility, etc.
2Q: What do you understand from Lorentz’s force?
Answer. When a charged particle is placed or moving in the presence of the electric and magnetic field, the total force due to these fields on the charged particle is known as Lorentz force.
3Q: Which material (Conductor, Semiconductor, insulator) has been used to explain the Hall Effect?
Answer. Semiconductor